How can heavy infestations of scale insects be reduced?

Heavy infestations of scale insects can be effectively reduced by pruning out damaged plant parts. This method is beneficial because it not only removes the scale insects themselves, but also eliminates any damaged or weakened tissue that may serve as a breeding ground for pests. By cutting away infested areas, the overall health of the plant is improved, making it less susceptible to future infestations. Additionally, proper pruning helps in maintaining good air circulation and light penetration, which further discourages scale insect populations.

Other methods like applying fertilizer or increasing watering can inadvertently promote the growth of the plants and may create a more favorable environment for pests if the infestation has already developed. Covering plants with plastic could lead to moisture buildup, which might encourage issues such as fungal diseases rather than addressing the insect problem directly. Therefore, pruning is the most effective immediate action to reduce scale infestations while helping to maintain the plant's health.